Leisure travel
Leisure travel was associated with the Industrial Revolution in the United kigndom – the first European country to promote leisure time to the increasing industrial population.[citation needed] , this applied to the owners of the machinery of production, the economic oligarchy, the factory owners and the traders. These comprised the new middle class.Cox&Kings was the first official travel company to be formed in 1758.The British origin of this new industry is reflected in many place names. In Nice,France,one of the first and best-established holiday resorts on the Franch Riviers, the long esplanade along the seafront is known to this day as the Promenade des Anglais; in many other historic resorts in continenal Europe, old, well-established palace hotels have names like the Hotel Bristol, the Hotel Carlton or the Hotel Majestic – reflecting the dominance of English customers.
Many leisure-oriented tourists travel to the tropics, both in the summer and winter. Places often visited are:Cuba,the Dominican Republic,Thailand,North Queensland in Australia, Florida in the United States
Winter tourism
Major ski resorts are located in the various European countries (e.g.Austria,Bulgaria,France,Czech Republic,Germany,Poland,Italy,Slovakia,Norway,Spain,Switzerland), Canada, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Korea,Chile and Argentina.Mass tourism
Mass tourism could only have developed with the improvements in technology, allowing the transport of large numbers of people in a short space of time to places of leisure interest, so that greater numbers of people began to enjoy the benefits of leisure time.In theUnited States , the first great seaside resort, in the European style, was Atlantic City, New Jersey and Long Island, New York.
In continental Europe, early resorts included:Ostend, popularized by the people of Brussels; Boulogne-sur-Mer (Pas-de-Calais) and Deauville(Calvados) for the Parisians; and Heiligendamm, founded in 1797, as the first seaside resort at the Baltic Sea.
Adjectival tourisms
See also:List of adjectival tourisms
Adjectival tourism refers to the numerous niche or specialty travel forms of tourism that have emerged over the years, each with its own adjective. Many of these have come into common use by the tourism industry and academics.[citation needed] are emerging concepts that may or may not gain popular usage. Examples of the more common niche tourism markets include:- Culinary tourism
- Dark tourism
- Disaster tourism
- Ecotourism
- Heritage tourism
- LGBT tourism
- Medical tourism
- Nautical tourism
- Space tourism
- War tourism
- Cultural tourism
- Wilderness tourism
Recent developments
There has been an upmarket trend in the tourism over the last few decades, especially in Europe, where international travel for short breaks is common.[citation needed] have higher levels of disposable income and greater leisure time and they are also better-educated and have more sophisticated tastest.[ciation needed] is now a demand for a better quality products, which has resulted in a fragmenting of the mass market for beach vacations; people want more specialised versions, such as Club 18-30, quieter resorts, family-oriented holidays or niche market-targeted destination hotel.The developments in technology and transport infrastructure, such as jumbo jets, low-cost airlines and more accessible airports made many types of tourism more affordable. There have also been changes in lifestyle, such as retiree-age people who sustain year round tourism. This is facilitated by internet sales of tourism products. Some sites have now started to offer dynamic pakaging, in which an inclusive price is quoted for a tailor-made package requested by the customer upon impulse.
There have been a few setbacks in tourism, such as the September 11 attacks and terrorist threats to tourist destinations, such as in Bali several European cities. Also, on December 26, 2004, a tsunami, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, hit the Asian countries on the Indian Ocean, including the Maldives of lives were lost and many tourists died. This, together with the vast clean-up operation in place, has stopped or severely hampered tourism to the area.
The terms tourism and travel are sometimes used interchangeably. In this context, travel has a similar definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful journey. The terms tourism and tourist are sometimes used pejoratively, to imply a shallow interest in the cultures or locations visited by tourists.
Sustainable tourism
"Sustainable tourism is envisaged as leading to management of all resources in such a way that economic, social and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems." (World Tourism Organization)
Sustainable development implies "meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs"(World Commission on Environment and Development.1987)
Eco-tourism
Medical tourism
When there is a significant price difference between countries for a given medical procedure, particularly in Southeast Asia, India, Eastern Europe and where there are different regulatory regimes, in relation to particular medical procedures (e.g.dentitry, travelling to take advantage of the price or regulatorySee also
No comments:
Post a Comment